There may be more than one cause of a cat litter box problem, but they come from one of two categories. If you’ve read my article on the physical causes of this dilemma, then you already know that this problem is either physical, or behavioral.

Since your cat can’t tell you what’s going on, you have to rule out each possible cause, until you are left with the most logical answer. This is known as a diagnosis of exclusion.

You’ll need help from your vet on this one, since you’ll want to first rule out any physical cause. It’s always best to assume your cat has a physical problem until your vet proves you wrong.

Once your vet says your cat’s problem does not have a physical cause, then you assume that your litter box problems are behavioral. Let’s see if we can think of some behavioral reasons for why your cat won’t use the litter box.

1. Dirty Box - some cats will use a dirty box without complaining, but others are fussy. In any case, clean your litter box at least once per day. You should change your litter at least every few weeks, unless it gets too dirty more quickly than that. Whenever you change the litter, wash and dry the litter box thoroughly. If you have a hooded box, be sure to wash the lid also.

2. Box Odor - some cats will refuse to use a litter box if it doesn’t smell right. Remember, that means smell right to the cat, not to you. You might be thinking that your clean box smells just fine. This is not always the case.

If you don’t clean the box well enough, your cat will know. If you don’t rinse thoroughly, or use a scented cleaner, your cat may detect a smell that says don’t go in there. You should use a solution of one part bleach to 30 parts water to sanitize the box. When you’re finished, the box should be clean and dry, and not smell like cat waste, bleach, or soap.

3. Litter Smells Bad - certain cat litters don’t agree with certain feline noses. Unscented litters of varying brands have an odor all their own, and your cat may not like it. Different types of litter have unique odors as well. You may have to try different brands or types until you get it right.

4. Wrong Litter Type - brand aside, your cat may be turned off by the type of cat litter you use. Switching litter types too fast can be an issue. When you switch litters, add 20 percent new litter to 80 percent old, and then increase the amount of new litter over several days.

5. Wrong Litter Box Type - the type of box, including the shape and size may matter. Some cats may like a hooded box, while others prefer the open type. Things like higher or lower walls, or a larger box may be preferred. If you’ve recently changed litter boxes, this could be your problem.

6. How Many Boxes? - another cause of a cat litter box problem relates mainly to multi-cat households. Remember the one plus one rule when selecting how many boxes you’ll need. You should have one box for each cat, and one extra box so that there is never any waiting for a box to free up. Cleaning chores are a little easier if you have more boxes since that keeps each box a little cleaner.

7. Bad Location - this can be an issue since in some cases, you just can’t find a good spot for the box. I’ve seen them in busy and noisy areas like laundry rooms and kitchens. If your cat is not pleased with the location of the box, she may stop using it. Always try to keep the box in an area that is low traffic and low noise.

8. Territorial Battles - territorial arguments are common in multi-cat households, and usually of no consequence. Some cats, however, like to sneak up on others when they’re using the box and pounce. If one of your cats is attacked every time he’s in the box, he may develop litter box aversion. Follow the one plus one rule for multi-cat households.

9. Stress - stress is a leading cause of box aversion. If your cat is stressed by a life event, such as a recent move or a new addition to the household, this may be the cause of the problem. One of my readers found out the hard way that one family member was trying the wrong form of behavior modification on one of their cats. The result was a litter box issue. Try to think about what might have changed recently in your cat’s life, and then try to reduce or eliminate the stress.

Cat litter box problems can usually be solved, once you know the cause. The solution doesn’t have to mean getting rid of the cat. Your veterinarian needs to first rule out physical causes so you can tackle the behavior side of things. Think like a cat, and you’ll be able to solve your box problems.

Kurt Schmitt is an experienced cat owner and helps you solve cat litter box problems and other cat care issues at Cat Lovers Only

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